The Arch of Saint Martin is an historical monument that constitutes an integral part of the ancient city walls. This archway, erected in the 14th century, stands as one of twelve gates that originally permitted entry into the city. Its strategic western orientation deemed it a significant access point for goods arriving from that direction and for pilgrims journeying towards Santiago de Compostela.
The Arch of Saint Martin is a mesmerizing structure imbued with centuries of history. It bears the name of a now vanished nearby church, Saint Martin’s Church, which, according to lore, was safeguarded by Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, and later torn down during the War of Independence.
A Monument Steeped in History
The Arch of Saint Martin was constructed as part of the fortifications commissioned by King Alfonso X the Wise in the 13th century, the works of which were consummated in the 14th century. The original portal has been profoundly modified throughout the ages, yet it retains its fundamental structure and historical allure.
The Arch of Saint Martin holds significance not solely for its architectural merit, but also for its strategic placement. Positioned proximate to the Solar of The Cid and the Diocesan Seminary, now functioning as a hotel, the arch occupies a pivotal location. In the 13th century, King Alfonso X “the Wise” commanded the construction of the city walls of Burgos, and Saint Martin’s Arch was integrated into these fortifications a century hence.
Beyond its architectural import, Saint Martin’s Arch also carries a rich cultural narrative. During the 18th century, it was referred to as the Gate of Reinosa and served as the obligatory entry for royal processions until the Arch of Santa Maria assumed this role.
Moreover, according to tradition, an elongated mark in the arch’s vault represents the length of the famous sword of El Cid Campeador, the Tizona.
A Testament to Burgos’ History
Saint Martin’s Arch stands as a testament to Burgos’ history and its medieval past. Its presence in the city is a continuous reminder of the region’s rich historical tapestry and the figures who shaped it. Through this arch, the memory of Burgos’ history and its contribution to the annals of Spain remains vibrant, reminding us of the importance of preserving and honoring our past.
The Arch in the Present Day
Today, Saint Martin’s Arch continues to be a point of interest for visitors to Burgos. Its architecture, history, and cultural significance render it an indispensable destination for any aficionado of history and architecture. Therefore, should you have the opportunity to visit Burgos, do not forget to stop by Saint Martin’s Arch, a place where past and present intersect to narrate the story of a city and a country.
Conclusion
Constructed in the 14th century by Mudejar craftsmen, Saint Martin’s Arch is a striking example of Mudejar architecture, with its characteristic use of interspersed brick and stone. The horseshoe arch, a common feature in Mudejar architecture, is a prominent element of this monument. Although it has lost its battlements and its upper floor over time, the arch remains a testament to Burgos’ rich history.
