The Promenade of Espolón, known as the city’s salon, is an emblem of urban life and the history of the Spanish city of Burgos. This tree-lined and landscaped promenade, located in the historic center of Burgos, serves as a meeting point for residents and an essential destination for visitors.
History and Origins
The origins of the Promenade of Espolón can be traced back to the late 18th century, although its current configuration is the result of successive transformations over the centuries. The name “Espolón” is associated with the fact that it was originally a flood-prone area along the banks of the Arlanzón River, which was elevated using embankments and buttresses to protect it from river floods.
In its early days, this area outside the city walls was known as Ronda del Espolón, stretching along the wall from the Arco de Santa María to the current provincial palace. In the center of the area stood the Carretas Gate, which provided access to the Plaza del Mercado Menor, now renamed Plaza Mayor.
Transformations over the Centuries
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the Promenade of Espolón underwent significant changes. In 1789, Fernando González de Lara was commissioned to landscape the space between the Santa María Bridge and the San Pablo Bridge, known as Ronda del Espolón. This project was connected to the construction of the new City Hall and the demolition of the walls, which were considered “ugly and dilapidated” and would be replaced by a line of new buildings.
In 1795, statues of the so-called Four Kings were installed in the central part of the promenade, a specific donation from King Carlos III. These statues represent prominent figures from Spanish history associated with Burgos.
The Traveling Statues: The Four Kings
In the center of the promenade, you can find the statues of the Four Kings. These statues, which are actually eight distributed throughout the promenade, have an interesting history. Originally, they were intended to adorn the walls of the Royal Palace of Madrid. However, they ended up embellishing the Promenade of Espolón in Burgos.
Alfonso VI
He was the king of León and Castile in the 11th century. He is known for his role in the Reconquista of Spain and his support for culture and art, particularly during the period known as the “Splendor of the Camino de Santiago.” Alfonso VI was a significant driving force behind the construction of the Burgos Cathedral.
Fernando III
Known as “the Saint,” he was the king of Castile and León in the 13th century. During his reign, he achieved the unification of the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula and the conquest of important territories. Fernando III was also a fervent defender of the Catholic faith and was canonized shortly after his death.
Alfonso X
Nicknamed “the Wise,” he was the king of Castile and León in the 13th century. He is remembered for his contributions to culture and science, particularly in the fields of literature and music. Alfonso X promoted the writing of literary works in the Castilian language and was the driving force behind the creation of the School of Translators of Toledo.
Juan II
He was the king of Castile and León in the 15th century. During his reign, significant political and social events occurred, including conflicts among different noble factions. Juan II was a monarch who became embroiled in internal and external disputes, but he was also a patron of the arts and culture.
A Botanical Garden in the Heart of the City
The Promenade of Espolón is also a full-fledged botanical garden. Along its length, you can find a wide variety of tree species, including linden trees, willows, horse chestnuts, and poplars. However, the trees that capture the most attention are the famous plane trees. Planted in the early 20th century, their intertwined branches form a true canopy of green leaves, providing shade on hot days. These trees are undoubtedly one of the most photographed elements of Burgos, especially during the summer months when they are in full splendor, and during the Christmas season when they are adorned with festive lights.
The Templete
The templete of Paseo del Espolón, also known as the Music Kiosk, is a neoclassical structure located in the center of the promenade. It was built in the late 19th century, in 1893.
The design of the templete was the work of the Burgos architect Amancio Gómez Rodeles, who drew inspiration from classical architecture to create this small architectural gem. The templete consists of a square base with Corinthian columns at each corner, supporting a vaulted roof of circular shape. Inside the templete, there is a space traditionally used for outdoor concerts and musical performances.
A Place of Gathering and Celebration
The promenade is dotted with historical and artistic buildings, including the Provincial Palace, the headquarters of the Provincial Council of Burgos, the Principal Theater, and the Marquesa de Vilueña Palace. The Arco de Santa María, which marks the beginning of the promenade, is also one of the most emblematic monuments in Burgos.
The Promenade of Espolón is a meeting place for the people of Burgos, especially during festivities. Concerts, street theater, and other cultural activities take place here. Additionally, for several months of the year, a carousel is installed, adding a touch of charm and fun to the promenade.
Conclusion
The Promenade of Espolón is more than just a walkway. It is a witness to the history of Burgos, a botanical garden in the heart of the city, a gathering place for residents, and a must-visit destination for visitors. If you ever have the opportunity to visit Burgos, be sure to take a stroll along the Promenade of Espolón. We promise you won’t regret it.
